#Arch of titus table of showbread software#

The soldiers carry signs commemorating the victories which Titus had won. The Romans are in triumphal procession wearing laurel crowns and the ones carrying the Menorah have pillows on their shoulders. The Temple Menorah* and the Table** of the Shewbread shown at an angle, both of solid gold, and the silver trumpets which called the Jews to the festivals. This wall relief on the Arch of Titus reveals one of the most troubling scenes in all history, Roman soldiers carrying spoils from the destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem in 70 A.D. Uppsala: Astrom.Could this be the greatest testimony to the words of Jesus in all of Biblical archaeology? Skrifter utgivna av Svenska institutet i Rom. Rome: Bretschneider.Ģ010 'Colori dell'Ara Pacis: storia di un esperimento,' Archeomatica 1.3:20-25.ġ991 The Spoils of Jerusalem on the Arch of Titus: a re-investigation. Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference of ASMOSIA-Association for the Study of Marble & Other Stones in Antiquity, Rome 21-26 May, 2012. Interdisciplinary Studies on Ancient Stone: Asmosia X.

Frankfurt am Main: Liebieghaus Skulpturensammlung.Ģ015 'Some Observations on the Use of Color on Ancient Sculpture, Contemporary Scientific Exploration, and Exhibition Displays,” pp.901-910 in P. Circumlitio: the Polychromy of Antique and Mediaeval Sculpture. Mainz am Rhein: Philipp von Zabern.Ģ010 'From Scientific Findings to Reconstruction: The Technical Background to the Scientific Reconstruction of Colours,' pp.108-14 in Brinkmann, et al., eds. (Beiträge zur Erschliessung hellenistischer und kaiserzeitlicher Skulptur und Architektur, 2). Copenhagen: Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek and the Compenhagen Polychromy Network.ġ983 Der Titusbogen. SandersĢ017 'True Colors: digital reconstruction restores original brilliance to the Arch of Titus,' Biblical Archaeology Review 43.3:28-35, 60-61.ġ901 'Der Schaubrottisch des Titusbogen,' Zeitschrift fuer die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 21.2:341-42Ģ012 Tracking Color: the polychromy of Greek and Roman sculpture in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.įine, Steven Peter Schertz & Donald H.

#Arch of titus table of showbread software#

We were provided with a detailed 3D scan of the spoils panel (shot by UNOCAD of Italy ) which was imported into our modeling software allowing us access to all the surfaces of the carving.īrinkmann, Vinzenz Oliver Primavesi & Max HolleinĢ010 Circumlitio: the polychromy of Antique and Mediaeval sculpture. This process ensured that the colorization of the spoils panel would accurately reflect the archaecological evidence (see the preliminary colorization of the existing relief at the left hover over to enlarge and then watch the video). They, in turn, were able to re-create the pigments and provide the Institute with exact computer equivalent RGB values. Based on pigments identified on other Roman sculptures and architecture, the Institute sent those chemical characteristics and their corresponding Kremer standard pigment numbers to officials at the Kremer pigment company, Aichstetten, Germany. Using ancient literary sources, evidence from Roman wall paintings, traces of color detected on other Roman sculptures, archaeological evidence, and scholarly intuition, colors could be defined for most of the features of the panel ( Fine et al.

Learning Sites' sister organization, the Institute for the Visualization of History was hired to make this happen. Based on this exciting discovery, the team wondered whether, based on other Roman sculpture colorization efforts (e.g., Pollini 2015 Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek 2012 Brinkmann, Primavesi & Hollein 2010 Rossini 2010), it would be possible to recolor the entire spoils panel. The measurements taken from the menorah corresponded to yellow ochre, confirming for the first time that the color of the menorah on the relief was meant to evoke the gold of the original taken from Jerusalem. Using Ultraviolet visual absorption spectrometry, a technique that uses white light and a spectrometer to measure the wavelengths of the reflected light from a surface, Heinrich Piening (Department for the Conservation of Castles, Gardens, and Lakes, State of Bavaria, Munich, Germany) investigated likely crevices of the relief. In 2012, a team of historians, scientists, and archaeologists began to study the spoils panel in the hopes of discovering (and then reconstructing) the original colors of the Roman relief.